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Russia has moved to block WhatsApp, cutting off access for around 100 million users in one of its most extensive digital restrictions. The move marks a sharp increase in attempts to reduce dependence on foreign technology platforms and steer citizens toward domestic alternatives.
Authorities said that the decision is based on alleged violations of local data and regulatory laws. Internet service providers across the country have begun restricting access, leaving users unable to connect without virtual private networks (VPNs) or technical workarounds.
The ban is part of a large-scale campaign targeting all Meta-owned products. The Ukraine conflict has brought out increasing challenges in Meta’s platforms throughout Russia. With restrictions already in place for Facebook and Instagram, WhatsApp was the only Meta service accessible to Russian users.
Russian authorities repeatedly demanded that international technology companies keep user data within the country and comply with government supervision requirements. Officials assert that organizations that fail to comply with these requirements will endanger national security and digital sovereignty.
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The Kremlin promotes its official messaging service, Max, which it claims offers secure domestic messaging. The government has mandated all state institutions and government agencies to use the system.
On the other hand, critics warn that replacing encrypted global platforms with domestic apps could expand state monitoring capabilities. Citizens, businesses, and individuals used WhatsApp mainly for its end-to-end encryption.
The development of Russian internet policy started in 2023 and has now reached its current state.
The Russian government under President Putin has established control over internet systems and social media platforms, breaching into users’ online communications.
Blocking WhatsApp allows Russia to establish stronger control over its digital environment. Russia’s digital domain is now more isolated from the rest of the world and functions under enhanced monitoring than ever before.
