Python launches Python 3.11 and here's what is new about it.

Python launches Python 3.11 and developers are encouraged to try out this latest version on non-production code, both to verify that it works with your programs and to get an idea of whether your code will benefit from its performance enhancements.

Many individual performance improvements landed in Python 3.11, but the single most significant addition is the specialized adaptive interpreter. Since an object's type rarely changes, the interpreter now attempts to analyze running code and replace general bytecodes with type-specific ones. For instance, binary operations (add, subtract, etc.) can be replaced with specialized versions for integers, floats, and strings.

Python function calls also require less overhead in Python 3.11. Stack frames for function call now use less memory and are more efficiently designed. Also, while recursive calls aren't tail-optimized (which probably isn't possible in Python, anyway), they are more efficient than in previous versions. The Python interpreter also starts faster, and core modules needed for the Python runtime are stored and loaded more efficiently.

According to the official Python benchmark suite, Python 3.11 runs around 1.25 times faster than Python 3.10. Note that this speedup is an aggregate measure. Some things run much faster, but many others run only slightly faster or about the same. Still, the best part about these improvements is that they come for free. You don't need to make any code changes for Python programs to take advantage of Python 3.11's speedups.

Another immediately useful feature in Python 3.11 is more detailed error messages. Python 3.10 already had better error reporting, thanks to the new parser used in the interpreter. Python 3.11 expands on that by providing detailed feedback about what specific part of a given expression caused an error.