There are four types of AI: reactive, limited memory, theory of mind, and self-aware AI.
Most applications used today are narrow and memory-based, which makes it efficient.
Understanding AI types helps users and businesses make informed tech decisions.
With robots offering voice assistance and chatbots in the picture, artificial intelligence is now part of everyday life. With the increasing concern about AI technology taking over, it is necessary to understand these machines and where exactly we stand when it comes to the advancements in this sector.
There are mainly two AI categories, one is based on capabilities and the other on functionalities. This article will discuss the latter. Depending on functionalities, artificial technology is classified into reactive, limited-memory, theory of mind, and self-aware AI.
Reactive machines are the most basic systems that do not store information. They are prime examples of narrow AI as they are programmed to respond in specific ways to given inputs and don’t utilize past experiences to make current decisions.
IBM Deep Blue, a computer wired to play chess, belongs to reactive machines. It was well-known for beating a human grandmaster, Garry Kasparov.
Retains no memory.
Simple actions based on specific inputs.
It does not learn and cannot adapt.
As the name suggests, limited memory machines can only store past data for a short period and use this information to make better decisions.
Most applications running today fall under this category and are examples of general AI. For instance, autonomous vehicles. They can identify road signs and the presence of traffic and nearby cars. With limited perception, the tech assists in making quick decisions for safe driving.
Can store past data temporarily.
Can learn from past decisions.
Common in today’s advanced systems.
While still in its conceptual stages, the theory of mind is a type of artificial intelligence that might understand emotions and thoughts, allowing it to interact like humans.
Any advancements in the theory of mind could lead to robots that can offer companionship or counselling. They would be capable of adapting to situations and responding based on the mood of the other person.
Understands emotions and adapts to situations.
Can have empathy.
Responds in a human-like way.
Self-Aware AI is the most advanced one that also does not exist yet. This type of AI will have its consciousness, thoughts, and feelings and will be able to understand itself and others.
For example, the robots shown in science fiction movies or shows like Blade Runner or The Matrix are often self-aware AI.
Has consciousness.
Aware of its existence.
Can make decisions based on self-awareness.
Also Read: What Is Artificial Intelligence? Types, Benefits, Career Options
Knowing the types of artificial intelligence helps users and developers make better choices. It shows where current technology stands and also offers a peek into the upcoming trends.
According to Statista, the global market for artificial intelligence will reach $244.22 billion in 2025. Most of this growth will be in limited-memory applications like automation and analytics.
Artificial intelligence is primarily divided into four types based on its functionalities. From simple reactive machines to futuristic self-aware robots, artificial intelligence is a vast sector. Most of today’s systems fits into the first two types. But the future is open.
As research grows, so will the power and complexity of AI systems. By understanding the types of Artificial Intelligence, readers can better appreciate what technology can and cannot do today.